Back in Time Today
Throughout history, numerous Black innovators have made remarkable contributions to the world, often without receiving the recognition they deserve.
This blog post highlights 10 such individuals whose inventions and accomplishments have changed the course of history.
1. George Crum (1824–1914)
George Crum, a chef of Native American and African American descent, is credited with the invention of the potato chip. Working in a Saratoga Springs resort, Crum was challenged by a picky customer who complained about the thickness of his fried potatoes.
In response, Crum sliced them paper-thin and fried them to a crisp, creating what we now know as potato chips. This accidental invention became a hit among patrons and eventually a staple snack worldwide.
Crum’s creativity and ability to adapt turned a simple dish into a global phenomenon, changing the culinary landscape forever.
2. Jan Ernst Matzeliger (1852–1889)
Jan Ernst Matzeliger was a revolutionary inventor in the footwear industry. Originally from Suriname, he immigrated to the United States and developed the shoe-lasting machine.
This invention mechanized the process of attaching the upper part of a shoe to its sole, significantly increasing production efficiency. Matzeliger’s machine reduced the cost of shoes, making them affordable for more people.
His innovation laid the groundwork for mass production in the shoe industry. Despite passing away at a young age, Matzeliger’s legacy lives on, as his creation transformed shoe manufacturing and paved the way for modern techniques.
3. Miriam E. Benjamin (1861–1947)
Miriam E. Benjamin was an American inventor who broke ground with her invention of the ‘Gong and Signal Chair.’ This innovation was designed to help hotel guests easily signal for assistance without leaving their seats.
Benjamin’s invention was eventually adopted by the U.S. House of Representatives, revolutionizing communication in legislative settings. Her work demonstrated the power of simple yet effective solutions to common problems.
Benjamin’s ingenuity not only improved service efficiency but also highlighted the potential of women inventors in a male-dominated field, marking her as a pioneer for future generations.
4. Granville T. Woods (1856–1910)
Granville T. Woods, known as the ‘Black Edison,’ was an inventor with over 50 patents to his name. His most significant contribution was the development of a telegraph system that allowed communication between moving trains and stations, enhancing railway safety.
Woods’s innovation prevented countless accidents and improved train scheduling efficiency. Beyond this, he invented various devices related to the railroad industry, electricity, and telecommunication.
Despite facing racial discrimination, Woods’s perseverance and technical genius cemented his place in history as one of the most prolific inventors of his time.
5. Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner (1912–2006)
Mary Beatrice Davidson Kenner was an inventive genius with a passion for solving everyday problems. She held five patents, the most notable being for the sanitary belt, a precursor to modern sanitary pads.
Her inventions provided comfort and convenience to women, yet she faced racial prejudice that hindered her ability to commercialize her ideas. Kenner’s determination to create practical solutions was undeterred by these challenges.
Her legacy is a testament to the impact of innovative thinking in improving daily life, particularly for women. Her contributions continue to inspire future inventors, especially in the realm of personal care.
6. John P. Parker (1827–1900)
John P. Parker was not only an inventor but also a key figure in the abolitionist movement. Born into slavery, he purchased his freedom and became an active participant in the Underground Railroad, helping hundreds escape to freedom.
Parker also invented a screw for tobacco presses and a soil pulverizer, showcasing his mechanical aptitude. His blend of engineering skill and compassion illustrates the dual impact of his work – advancing technological innovation while advocating for human rights.
Parker’s contributions extend beyond his inventions; his legacy is deeply intertwined with the fight for freedom and equality.
7. Madam C.J. Walker (1867–1919)
Madam C.J. Walker, born Sarah Breedlove, was a trailblazer in the beauty industry, becoming one of the first African American self-made millionaires. She developed a line of hair care products specifically for Black women, addressing the unique needs of their hair.
Walker’s entrepreneurial spirit and dedication to empowering women through beauty and self-care were revolutionary. She built a successful business empire while providing employment opportunities and promoting social change.
Walker’s legacy extends beyond her products; she inspired generations of women to pursue their dreams and embrace their identities with confidence.
8. Benjamin Montgomery (1819–1877)
Benjamin Montgomery was an ingenious inventor and landowner who made significant strides while living under oppressive circumstances. Enslaved on a Mississippi plantation, he created a steam-powered propeller for boats that improved navigation through shallow waters.
Although he faced barriers to patenting his invention due to his status, Montgomery’s creativity and engineering acumen were undeniable. Later, he became one of the first African Americans to purchase land in the South post-Civil War.
Montgomery’s resilience and innovation in the face of adversity reflect his enduring impact on both technology and African American history.
9. Frederick McKinley Jones (1893–1961)
Frederick McKinley Jones was a prolific inventor whose creations transformed multiple industries. Best known for developing mobile refrigeration technology, Jones’s inventions revolutionized food transportation, allowing perishable goods to be shipped long distances without spoiling.
His work played a crucial role in establishing the modern cold chain, impacting everything from food supply chains to medical storage. Jones held over 60 patents, showcasing his diverse talents.
His legacy is one of innovation and adaptation, demonstrating the profound effect that creative engineering solutions can have on global trade and industry standards.
10. Garrett Morgan (1877–1963)
Garrett Morgan was an inventor whose creations have saved countless lives. He invented the three-position traffic signal, a precursor to modern traffic lights, improving road safety significantly.
Morgan’s gas mask design also proved invaluable, protecting soldiers during World War I and rescuing workers trapped in hazardous conditions. Morgan’s innovations extend beyond utility; they reflect his commitment to public safety and well-being.
His entrepreneurial spirit and dedication to solving real-world problems underscore the importance of innovation in everyday life. Morgan’s legacy is one of lasting impact, as his inventions continue to protect and serve communities worldwide.