Back in Time Today
While modern Americans celebrate the Fourth of July with hot dogs, burgers, and potato salad, the Founding Fathers had a very different—and sometimes bizarre—culinary experience in 1776. From turtle soup to boozy desserts, here are 10 surprising foods they actually enjoyed on Independence Day.
1. Turtle Soup
Turtle soup was a favorite delicacy of John Adams, enjoyed even on July 4, 1776, with his wife, Abigail. Freshwater turtles were harvested from rivers like the Potomac and Delaware, then slow-cooked into a rich, savory stew. The soup’s flavor was a harmonious blend of meatiness and exotic spices, making it a highlight of any patriotic feast. Turtle soup was not just a dish; it was an indication of status and sophistication in colonial America. This dish, though unusual today, was a testament to the adventurous palate of early Americans. Did you know? Turtle soup recipes were often considered family secrets.
2. Oysters & Seafood Feasts
The proximity to waterways made seafood an integral part of the Founding Fathers’ diet. Oysters, crab, and shad were favorites, with Martha Washington even including oyster recipes in her cookbook. Seafood was often served fresh, fried, or in flavorful stews. These feasts were not just meals but social gatherings, bringing families and friends together. The abundance of seafood reflected the rich natural resources available to early Americans. Fun fact: George Washington was known to indulge in shad fishing. This love for the sea’s bounty was a staple in their culinary traditions.
3. Apple Pan Dowdy
Apple Pan Dowdy, a mix between a cobbler and a pie, was Abigail Adams’ signature dessert. This sweet, boozy treat made with apples, molasses, and spices, was often requested by John Adams for Independence Day celebrations. Its comforting aroma filled the air, creating an inviting atmosphere for gatherings. The dessert’s unique name and rich flavor made it a favorite among both young and old. Did you know? The term “dowdy” refers to the dessert’s rustic, unrefined appearance, which only added to its homely charm.
4. Cream of Peanut Soup
Despite peanuts being considered “poor man’s food,” George Washington adored them, particularly in the form of creamy peanut soup. This dish was rich, nutty, and provided a comforting warmth, perfect for a hearty meal. It remains a nostalgic favorite in historic taverns like Williamsburg’s King’s Arm. The soup’s simplicity was enhanced by its luxurious texture, proving that humble ingredients could create a gourmet experience. Did you know? Peanuts were introduced to the American colonies from Africa and quickly became a versatile staple.
5. Cornmeal Hoecakes
Cornmeal hoecakes were a breakfast staple for George Washington, favored for their soft texture due to his dentures. These pancake-like cakes, made from cornmeal, were often served with honey or molasses, offering a delightful start to the day. Their simplicity belied their deliciousness, making them a beloved dish across social classes. The term “hoecake” comes from the method of cooking them on a flat hoe over an open flame. Did you know? Corn was a vital crop for early Americans, providing sustenance and variety in their diet.
6. Boozy “Great Cake”
Martha Washington’s infamous “Great Cake” was a boozy, fruit-and-nut-packed dessert soaking in wine. George, with his sweet tooth, enjoyed this dense, spiced cake, especially during celebrations. The cake’s rich aroma filled the room, creating an atmosphere of indulgence and festivity. It was more than a dessert; it was a symbol of celebration and prosperity. Fun fact: The Great Cake was often prepared days in advance, allowing the flavors to meld perfectly.
7. Ice Cream (Thanks to Jefferson)
Thomas Jefferson didn’t invent ice cream, but he certainly popularized it in America. After bringing recipes from France, he served it at presidential dinners, flavored with vanilla or fruit. This cool, creamy treat became a beloved dessert, symbolizing sophistication and innovation. Ice cream was quite a luxury, requiring significant effort to produce in the 18th century. Did you know? Jefferson’s handwritten vanilla ice cream recipe is one of the oldest known in America. This indulgence offered a sweet escape from the summer heat.
8. Hoppin’ John (Southern Style)
James Madison and other Southern Founders enjoyed Hoppin’ John, a dish of pork, rice, and peas. This hearty meal was a precursor to modern soul food, offering both nutrition and flavor. Each bite was a taste of southern comfort, bringing a touch of home to any gathering. The dish’s simplicity and flavor made it a favorite across the southern states. Did you know? Hoppin’ John’s name is believed to come from the Creole term for “pigeon peas” or from a friendly vendor known as “Hoppin’ John.”
9. Madeira Wine & “Ciderkin”
In an era where water wasn’t always safe, alcohol was the drink of choice. Washington loved Madeira, while Jefferson favored French champagne. Even children drank “ciderkin,” a mix of hard cider and molasses. These drinks were not just beverages but a reflection of social and cultural norms. Madeira, in particular, was celebrated for its resilience during long voyages, making it a popular choice. Fun fact: Madeira was often used in toasts during significant events.
10. Salmon with Egg Sauce
Poached salmon with rich egg sauce was a sophisticated dish among the wealthy, likely served at John Adams’ celebratory meal on July 4, 1776. This elegant combination offered a delicate balance of flavors, pleasing even the most discerning palate. The dish was not merely a meal but an artful presentation, showcasing the culinary skills of the time. Did you know? Salmon was considered a luxury item, often reserved for special occasions. Its presence at a meal signified prestige and celebration.