Back in Time Today
Explore thirty significant events throughout history that occurred on March 22nd, spanning ancient battles, historic peace treaties, influential leaders, and modern tragedies.
Each event offers a glimpse into the past, revealing how this date has witnessed moments of triumph, cultural shifts, and profound challenges.
This diverse collection highlights the impact of March 22nd, showcasing its role in shaping history across different times and regions.
From ancient empires to contemporary conflicts, these events provide unique insights into human endeavors and struggles.
1. 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the Roman province Arabia Petraea.
In 106 AD, the Bostran era began as the official calendar for the Roman province of Arabia Petraea. This event marked a significant shift in timekeeping and administration.
Arabia Petraea was a region known for its strategic importance and cultural exchanges, nestled between the Roman Empire and the Arabian Peninsula.
The adoption of the Bostran era signified Roman influence and control, integrating local traditions with Roman governance. It exemplifies how the Romans established their presence in diverse territories.
Such calendars were vital for taxation, governance, and cultural assimilation, highlighting Rome’s administrative prowess.
2. 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, starting the Crisis of the Third Century.
In 235 AD, the Roman Emperor Severus Alexander faced a brutal end as he was assassinated by his own troops. His death marked the beginning of the Crisis of the Third Century, a period of military anarchy and political instability in the Roman Empire.
Severus Alexander’s reign was characterized by attempts at reform and maintaining peace through diplomacy. However, his perceived weakness and reliance on advisors made him a target for discontented soldiers.
The ensuing crisis saw rapid changes in leadership, economic turmoil, and external invasions, shaking the foundations of Rome’s power.
3. 871 – Æthelred of Wessex is defeated by a Danish invasion army at the Battle of Marton.
On March 22, 871, the Battle of Marton witnessed the defeat of Æthelred of Wessex by a formidable Danish invasion army. This battle was part of the larger Viking invasions that threatened Anglo-Saxon England during this era.
Æthelred’s forces struggled against the well-organized and fierce Danish warriors. Despite their efforts, the Wessex troops could not withstand the Viking onslaught.
This battle was one of several that highlighted the persistent threat posed by Viking invaders and underscored the challenges faced by Anglo-Saxon rulers in defending their territories from external forces.
4. 1185 – Battle of Yashima: The Taira clan suffers defeat by the Minamoto clan in Japan.
The Battle of Yashima, fought on March 22, 1185, saw the Taira clan’s forces defeated by the Minamoto clan. This battle was part of the Genpei War, a pivotal conflict in Japanese history between two powerful samurai families.
Taking place near the coast, the battle involved naval strategies and skilled samurai warriors. The Minamoto’s victory at Yashima paved the way for their eventual triumph in the war, leading to the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate.
This marked a significant shift in Japanese governance, moving power from the imperial court to the warrior class.
5. 1312 – Vox in excelso: Pope Clement V officially dissolves the Order of the Knights Templar.
On March 22, 1312, Pope Clement V issued the papal bull Vox in excelso, officially dissolving the Order of the Knights Templar. This decision followed years of trials, accusations, and political pressures across Europe.
The Templars had been a powerful and wealthy military order, originally established to protect Christian pilgrims. Their dissolution was influenced by political motives, particularly from King Philip IV of France.
The order’s assets were seized, and many members faced imprisonment or execution. This event marked the end of an era for the Templars and reflected the complex interplay of power between church and state.
6. 1508 – Ferdinand II of Aragon appoints Amerigo Vespucci chief navigator of the Spanish Empire.
In 1508, Ferdinand II of Aragon appointed Amerigo Vespucci as the chief navigator of the Spanish Empire. This appointment recognized Vespucci’s expertise in navigation and exploration during the Age of Discovery.
Vespucci was instrumental in mapping the New World and understanding its geography. His work laid the groundwork for future explorers and contributed to Spain’s growing influence and territorial claims.
His appointment symbolized the importance of skilled navigators in expanding empires and shaping global understanding. Vespucci’s legacy endures, notably in the naming of the Americas after him, highlighting his impact on exploration.
7. 1621 – The Pilgrims and Wampanoag sachem Massasoit sign a peace treaty; Squanto acts as interpreter.
On March 22, 1621, the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag sachem Massasoit signed a peace treaty, marking a moment of cooperation and understanding. Squanto, a Native American who had previously been to Europe, acted as an interpreter.
This treaty was crucial for the survival of the Plymouth Colony, providing the Pilgrims with vital local knowledge and support. The agreement established mutual protection and cooperation, laying the groundwork for years of relative peace.
This event stands as a testament to the power of diplomacy and communication in bridging cultural divides and fostering harmonious relations.
8. 1622 – Jamestown massacre: 347 settlers are killed by Algonquians in the Second Anglo-Powhatan War.
The Jamestown massacre on March 22, 1622, was a devastating attack by Algonquian warriors on English settlers, resulting in the deaths of 347 colonists. This event marked a turning point in the Second Anglo-Powhatan War.
The attack was a response to the encroachment and expansion of English settlements, which threatened the Algonquian way of life. The massacre led to a prolonged conflict, as both sides engaged in brutal warfare.
It highlighted the deep-seated tensions and misunderstandings between Native Americans and European settlers, shaping the future of colonial relations in the region.
9. 1631 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony outlaws possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables.
In 1631, the Massachusetts Bay Colony took a moral stand by outlawing the possession of cards, dice, and gaming tables. This decision reflects the Puritan beliefs that shaped the colony’s laws and societal norms.
The Puritans viewed gambling as a sinful activity that could lead to moral decay and social disorder. By banning such games of chance, they aimed to maintain a disciplined, pious community.
This legislation exemplifies the influence of religious values in shaping legal frameworks and highlights the colony’s commitment to creating a godly society, free from perceived vices.
10. 1638 – Anne Hutchinson is expelled from Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious dissent.
On March 22, 1638, Anne Hutchinson faced expulsion from the Massachusetts Bay Colony due to her religious dissent. Hutchinson, a charismatic and outspoken figure, challenged the strict Puritan orthodoxy of the time.
She held meetings that questioned religious teachings and promoted her interpretations of scripture. Her trial and subsequent banishment underscored the rigid control of religious doctrine in the colony.
Hutchinson’s expulsion highlights the challenges faced by those who dared to challenge established beliefs and the struggles for religious freedom in early colonial America. Her legacy endures as a symbol of the fight for free thought.
11. 1668 – Privateer Henry Morgan raids the Cuban town of Puerto del Príncipe.
In 1668, the infamous privateer Henry Morgan launched a daring raid on the Cuban town of Puerto del Príncipe. Morgan, known for his bold exploits in the Caribbean, targeted the town for its wealth and strategic location.
His raid was characterized by swift attacks and effective tactics, resulting in the looting of valuable resources. This event exemplifies the pirate era when privateers operated under government sanction, blurring lines between piracy and naval warfare.
Morgan’s actions contributed to his legendary status, highlighting the adventurous and often lawless nature of the Caribbean during this period.
12. 1739 – Nader Shah occupies Delhi and loots the Peacock Throne.
In 1739, Nader Shah of Persia captured Delhi, marking a significant moment in Indian history. His forces looted the city, taking immense wealth, including the fabled Peacock Throne.
Nader Shah’s campaign was a display of military might and ambition, as he sought to expand his empire’s influence. The occupation of Delhi resulted in massive destruction and a shift in power dynamics in the region.
The loss of the Peacock Throne symbolized the plundering of India’s cultural treasures, leaving a lasting impact on the Mughal Empire and shaping future interactions between Persian and Indian powers.
13. 1765 – The British Parliament passes the Stamp Act, taxing its American colonies.
March 22, 1765, witnessed the passage of the Stamp Act by the British Parliament, imposing a direct tax on the American colonies. This legislation required colonists to purchase stamps for legal documents, newspapers, and other publications.
The Stamp Act sparked widespread protests and resistance among the colonists, who argued against taxation without representation.
It marked a pivotal moment in the build-up to the American Revolution, galvanizing colonial unity and opposition to British policies.
The act’s repeal a year later highlighted the colonies’ growing assertiveness and desire for self-governance, setting the stage for future revolutionary activities.
14. 1784 – The Emerald Buddha is ceremoniously moved to Wat Phra Kaew in Thailand.
In 1784, the revered Emerald Buddha was ceremoniously moved to Wat Phra Kaew in Bangkok, Thailand. This sacred statue, considered a symbol of protection and prosperity, holds immense cultural and religious significance.
The transfer was a grand event, reflecting the deep reverence and devotion of the Thai people. Wat Phra Kaew, located within the Grand Palace complex, became the statue’s permanent home.
The Emerald Buddha’s presence continues to be a focal point of Thai spirituality and national identity, attracting pilgrims and tourists alike, and serving as a testament to the enduring legacy of Thai Buddhist tradition.
15. 1792 – Battle of Croix-des-Bouquets: Haitian slave insurgents claim a major victory.
On March 22, 1792, the Battle of Croix-des-Bouquets was a significant victory for Haitian slave insurgents fighting for freedom from French colonial rule.
This battle marked a turning point in the Haitian Revolution, showcasing the resilience and determination of the enslaved. Led by visionary leaders, the insurgents employed guerrilla tactics to outmaneuver the French forces.
Their victory inspired further resistance and solidarity among the enslaved population. This event highlighted the relentless pursuit of liberty and justice, contributing to the eventual success of the Haitian Revolution, which would lead to the establishment of the first independent Black republic.
16. 1794 – The U.S. Congress passes the Slave Trade Act, banning the export of slaves.
In 1794, the U.S. Congress passed the Slave Trade Act, marking a critical step in the fight against slavery. This legislation prohibited the export of slaves from the United States, reflecting growing anti-slavery sentiment.
While not abolishing slavery, the act signified an acknowledgment of its moral and ethical implications. It laid the groundwork for future abolitionist efforts, emphasizing the need for ongoing reform.
This legislation was a key moment in the broader struggle for human rights, highlighting the complexities of addressing slavery in a nation grappling with its contradictions and striving for a more just society.
17. 1829 – The London Protocol defines the borders of an independent Greece.
March 22, 1829, saw the signing of the London Protocol, a crucial diplomatic agreement defining the borders of an independent Greece. This protocol was a result of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.
Negotiations involved major European powers, who supported Greek aspirations for autonomy. The protocol’s signing marked the formal recognition of Greece as a sovereign nation, redefining the geopolitical landscape of the region.
This event was a significant milestone in the history of modern Greece, symbolizing the triumph of nationalistic movements and the reshaping of Europe’s political boundaries.
18. 1849 – Austrians defeat Piedmontese forces at the Battle of Novara.
On March 22, 1849, the Battle of Novara witnessed the defeat of Piedmontese forces by the Austrian army. This battle was a key confrontation in the First Italian War of Independence, aimed at ending Austrian dominance in Italy.
The Austrian victory reaffirmed their control over Italian territories, despite widespread nationalist fervor. The battle’s outcome led to significant political consequences, including the abdication of the Piedmontese king.
This event highlighted the challenges faced by Italian unification efforts and underscored the complexities of achieving independence from foreign rule, setting the stage for future struggles for Italian unity.
19. 1871 – Governor William Woods Holden becomes the first U.S. state governor removed by impeachment.
In 1871, William Woods Holden, governor of North Carolina, became the first U.S. state governor to be removed from office by impeachment. His removal was a result of political tensions during the Reconstruction era.
Holden’s efforts to suppress the Ku Klux Klan and maintain order were met with resistance from political opponents. The impeachment reflected the deep divisions and challenges in rebuilding the South post-Civil War.
This event underscored the complexities of governance during Reconstruction and highlighted the ongoing struggle for justice and equality, as well as the political dynamics of the era.
20. 1873 – Spain abolishes slavery in Puerto Rico.
On March 22, 1873, Spain officially abolished slavery in Puerto Rico, marking a significant step towards freedom and equality. This decision was part of wider abolitionist movements across the Spanish Empire.
The abolition brought about profound social and economic changes, as former slaves sought new opportunities and integration into society. This event highlighted the global trend towards ending slavery and the ongoing struggle for human rights.
It symbolized a victory for those who had long fought for emancipation, reflecting a shift towards more progressive and equitable policies, and shaping Puerto Rico’s future.
21. 1894 – The Stanley Cup is awarded for the first time in Montreal, Canada.
In 1894, the Stanley Cup was awarded for the first time in Montreal, Canada, marking the beginning of a storied tradition in ice hockey. The cup, named after Lord Stanley of Preston, symbolized excellence and competition in the sport.
The initial championship saw teams vying for the prestigious trophy, establishing a legacy that continues to this day. The Stanley Cup’s inception highlighted the growing popularity of ice hockey and its cultural significance in Canada.
This event laid the foundation for the development of professional hockey leagues, fostering a sense of community and sportsmanship among players and fans alike.
22. 1895 – Lumière brothers give the first public demo of movie film technology in Paris.
On March 22, 1895, the Lumière brothers gave the first public demonstration of their groundbreaking movie film technology in Paris.
This event marked a pivotal moment in the history of cinema, introducing audiences to a new form of entertainment and storytelling. The demonstration showcased short films that captivated viewers, highlighting the potential of motion pictures.
The Lumière brothers’ innovation paved the way for the evolution of the film industry, influencing countless filmmakers and shaping popular culture.
Their legacy endures, as cinema remains a powerful medium for artistic expression and communication, transcending boundaries and connecting people globally.
23. 1896 – Charilaos Vasilakos wins the first modern Olympic marathon.
In 1896, Charilaos Vasilakos achieved a historic victory by winning the first modern Olympic marathon in Athens, Greece. This event was part of the inaugural modern Olympic Games, symbolizing the revival of the ancient Greek tradition.
Vasilakos’ triumph was celebrated as a national achievement, inspiring future generations of athletes. The marathon’s inclusion in the Olympics highlighted endurance and perseverance, core values of the Games.
This victory underscored the importance of the Olympics as a global stage for athletic excellence and cultural exchange, fostering international unity and sportsmanship, and honoring the spirit of the ancient Olympics.
24. 1913 – Mystic Phan Xích Long is arrested before a Vietnamese uprising.
In 1913, Phan Xích Long, a Vietnamese mystic and revolutionary, was arrested before he could lead an anticipated uprising against French colonial rulers. His arrest was a significant moment in the struggle for Vietnamese independence.
Phan Xích Long’s movement was fueled by a vision of liberation and spiritual guidance. His capture disrupted plans for revolt, revealing the challenges faced by Vietnamese nationalists.
Despite the setback, his efforts inspired future resistance against colonial oppression. This event highlighted the complexities of the Vietnamese independence movement and the enduring quest for freedom and self-determination.
25. 1916 – Yuan Shikai abdicates as Emperor of China, restoring the Republic.
On March 22, 1916, Yuan Shikai abdicated as Emperor of China, ending his brief reign and restoring the Republic. Yuan’s attempt to establish a monarchy had faced overwhelming opposition from republican forces and regional warlords.
His abdication marked a pivotal moment in China’s political transformation, as the country grappled with modernization and governance challenges.
The restoration of the Republic underscored the influence of republican ideals and the rejection of autocratic rule. This event was a turning point in China’s history, shaping its political landscape and the ongoing struggle between traditional and modernizing forces.
26. 1933 – Dachau concentration camp opens in Nazi Germany.
In 1933, the Nazi regime opened Dachau concentration camp, marking the beginning of a dark chapter in history. Dachau became a model for subsequent camps and a symbol of the regime’s oppressive policies.
The camp initially targeted political prisoners but later held a diverse population, suffering under inhumane conditions. Its establishment highlighted the brutal methods employed by the Nazis to silence dissent and enforce ideological conformity.
Dachau’s legacy serves as a stark reminder of the atrocities committed during the Holocaust and the importance of remembering history to prevent future injustices and promote human rights.
27. 1933 – President Roosevelt signs the Cullen–Harrison Act, legalizing low-alcohol beer and wine.
On March 22, 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Cullen–Harrison Act, marking a significant shift in U.S. alcohol policy. The act legalized the sale of low-alcohol beer and wine, signaling the beginning of the end for Prohibition.
This legislation was met with public enthusiasm, as it allowed for a degree of relaxation of the strict Prohibition laws. The Cullen–Harrison Act played a key role in reviving the economy and transforming social attitudes towards alcohol consumption.
It paved the way for the eventual repeal of Prohibition, highlighting the dynamic interplay between legislation, societal norms, and economic factors.
28. 1945 – The Arab League is founded in Cairo, Egypt.
In 1945, the Arab League was founded in Cairo, Egypt, uniting Arab nations in a collective effort to promote regional cooperation and independence. This organization aimed to strengthen political, economic, and cultural ties among member states.
The founding members sought to address common challenges and assert their interests on the global stage. The Arab League’s establishment was a significant milestone in the pursuit of unity and collaboration in the Arab world.
It continues to play a vital role in addressing regional issues and fostering dialogue among its members, reflecting the enduring aspiration for Arab solidarity.
29. 1995 – Aum Shinrikyo conducts the Tokyo subway sarin gas attack, killing 13.
On March 22, 1995, the Aum Shinrikyo cult carried out a horrific sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway, resulting in 13 deaths and thousands of injuries. This act of domestic terrorism shocked Japan and the world.
The attack exposed the dangers posed by extremist groups and the challenges of preventing such incidents. It led to a reevaluation of security measures and increased vigilance against terrorist threats.
The event had profound psychological and societal impacts, highlighting the importance of resilience and preparedness in the face of terrorism, as well as the need for comprehensive counter-terrorism strategies.
30. 2024 – Crocus City Hall massacre in Russia: Over 145 killed in a coordinated bombing and mass shooting.
The tragic events at Crocus City Hall in Russia on March 22, 2024, resulted in over 145 fatalities due to a coordinated bombing and mass shooting. This horrifying attack underscored the persistent threat of terrorism and violence.
The massacre left a deep scar on the community, prompting widespread condemnation and efforts to strengthen security measures. It highlighted the vulnerabilities inherent in public spaces and the need for effective response strategies.
This event serves as a stark reminder of the ongoing struggle against extremism and the necessity of international cooperation to combat such threats and protect innocent lives.