Back in Time Today
Often overlooked in the history books, African American soldiers, spies, and leaders played a crucial role in the Civil War — fighting not just for the Union, but for their freedom and future. These 22 brave individuals stood tall in the face of racism, danger, and impossible odds. Their stories will not only amaze you — they’ll remind you of the power of courage and resilience.
1. Martin Delany
Martin Delany, a pioneering figure, was one of the first Black field officers in the Union Army. His advocacy for Black self-determination made him a significant force in the Civil War era. Delany’s commitment to equality and justice was unwavering, and his leadership inspired many. He believed in the potential of African Americans to lead and shape their destinies. Delany’s legacy is a testament to his vision and determination, proving that perseverance in the face of adversity can lead to monumental change. His influence resonates even today.
2. Harriet Tubman
Known as the “Moses” of her people, Harriet Tubman was more than just a conductor on the Underground Railroad. Her leadership in a Union raid freed over 700 enslaved individuals in South Carolina, showcasing her strategic brilliance. Tubman’s resilience and courage were legendary, inspiring countless others in the fight for freedom. Her legacy is a powerful reminder of the impact one determined individual can have. Tubman’s life was a testament to the strength of the human spirit, and her story continues to inspire those who strive for justice.
3. James Monroe Trotter
James Monroe Trotter’s journey from soldier to civil rights advocate is a remarkable tale of transformation. Serving in the 55th Massachusetts, his commitment to justice extended beyond the battlefield. Trotter later became a high-ranking official in the U.S. Post Office, using his position to champion civil rights. His story exemplifies the power of perseverance and dedication to equality. Trotter’s life and career were marked by a continuous fight for justice, leaving a lasting impact on subsequent generations. His accomplishments serve as an enduring inspiration.
4. Robert Smalls
With an audacious spirit, Robert Smalls commandeered a Confederate ship, steering it past enemy lines to deliver it to Union forces. Born into slavery, his escape was more than personal freedom; it was a daring act of defiance. Smalls later served five terms as a U.S. Congressman, advocating for African Americans’ rights. His legacy is one of bravery and determination, showcasing how one individual’s actions can alter the course of history. In the face of adversity, Smalls stood as a beacon of hope and courage, inspiring generations to come.
5. Alexander Augusta
Alexander Augusta broke barriers as the Union’s first African American doctor. His dedication to healing went beyond medicine; he was a trailblazer for Black professionals. Augusta’s perseverance in the face of racism and prejudice was inspiring. Serving as the highest-ranking Black officer in the U.S. Army at the time, his achievements paved the way for future generations. Augusta’s legacy is one of courage and commitment, showcasing the importance of breaking stereotypes. His life story is a testament to the power of education and determination.
6. William H. Carney
William H. Carney’s story is one of unyielding dedication. During the storming of Fort Wagner, he ensured the U.S. flag never touched the ground, symbolizing unwavering loyalty. As the first African American to receive the Medal of Honor, Carney’s brave act transcended mere duty. His courage under fire was a testament to his spirit, leaving an indelible mark on history. Carney’s actions spoke volumes, demonstrating that valor knows no race. His legacy is enshrined not just in medals, but in the hearts of those who value freedom and justice.
7. John Lawson
John Lawson’s heroism at the Battle of Mobile Bay earned him the Medal of Honor. Despite severe injuries, he remained steadfast at his post, a testament to his courage and tenacity. Lawson’s actions, under extreme pressure, showcased the valor that transcends physical limitations. His dedication to duty and country serves as an inspiring example of resilience. Lawson’s story is a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made by African Americans in pursuit of freedom and justice, and his legacy continues to inspire future generations.
8. Miles James
Miles James demonstrated extraordinary courage and resilience in combat, reloading and firing his rifle using only one arm after being severely wounded. His actions earned him the Medal of Honor, showcasing his indomitable spirit and commitment to the cause. James’s bravery under such dire circumstances is a testament to the human spirit’s strength. His legacy is one of perseverance and dedication, inspiring others to overcome obstacles. James’s story is a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made by African Americans in their fight for freedom.
9. Christian Fleetwood
Christian Fleetwood’s valor at Chaffin’s Farm was nothing short of heroic. As a Medal of Honor recipient, he rescued and carried two regimental colors under heavy fire. Fleetwood’s actions exemplified bravery and commitment, inspiring those around him. His story is a testament to the courage and tenacity of African American soldiers. Fleetwood’s legacy is one of honor and determination, reinforcing the importance of standing firm in the face of adversity. His contributions to the Union’s victory highlight the pivotal role African Americans played in the Civil War.
10. Powhatan Beaty
Powhatan Beaty’s journey from actor to Medal of Honor recipient is a tale of leadership and courage. When his unit’s officers fell, Beaty took charge, leading a successful charge against the enemy. His actions exemplified bravery and quick thinking in the face of chaos. Beaty’s legacy is one of perseverance and dedication to the cause. His story is a testament to the indomitable spirit of those who fought for freedom and equality. Beaty’s contributions to the Civil War effort continue to inspire future generations.
11. Isaiah Dorman
Isaiah Dorman, the only African American killed at the Battle of Little Bighorn, served as a scout for the Union Army. His unique position in history reflects the diverse contributions of African Americans in pivotal battles. Dorman’s dedication to his role was evident, and his legacy lives on as a symbol of bravery and sacrifice. Though his life was cut short, Dorman’s contributions to the war effort are remembered. His story is a reminder of the diverse faces of courage and resilience that shaped American history.
12. Andrew Jackson Smith
Andrew Jackson Smith’s act of bravery, rescuing the regimental colors after the color bearer was shot, earned him the Medal of Honor over a century later. His courage in the heat of battle exemplified the spirit of those fighting for freedom. Smith’s actions are a testament to the bravery and dedication of African American soldiers. His legacy continues to inspire, reminding us of the sacrifices made in pursuit of equality. Smith’s story is a powerful example of resilience and heroism during one of America’s most challenging times.
13. Stephen Atkins Swails
Stephen Atkins Swails broke barriers as one of the first Black commissioned officers in the Union Army. His perseverance and dignity in the face of adversity set him apart. Swails’s leadership inspired those around him, and his commitment to justice was unwavering. His story is a testament to the power of determination and resilience. Swails’s legacy continues to resonate, symbolizing the progress made through courage and tenacity. His contributions to the Union’s victory highlight the critical role African Americans played in shaping history.
14. James H. Harris
James H. Harris’s fearless charge at the Battle of Chaffin’s Farm earned him the Medal of Honor. His determination to capture enemy positions under fire exemplified the courage and resilience of African American soldiers. Harris’s actions were a testament to his bravery and commitment to the cause of freedom. His legacy is one of honor and valor, inspiring future generations to stand up for justice. Harris’s story is a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought for equality during the Civil War.
15. Charles Veale
Charles Veale’s unwavering stance as a color bearer, despite the chaos of battle, earned him the Medal of Honor. His bravery and commitment to his duty were a testament to his character. Veale’s actions under fire exemplified the spirit and resilience of African American soldiers in the Civil War. His legacy is one of courage and dedication, inspiring those who followed. Veale’s story is a powerful reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought for freedom and justice. His contributions to history continue to resonate.
16. Thomas Hawkins
Thomas Hawkins’ defense of his regiment’s colors amidst fierce combat was an act of quiet heroism. His courage under fire demonstrated unwavering dedication to the cause of freedom. Hawkins’s actions were a testament to the bravery and determination of African American soldiers. His legacy is one of honor and resilience, inspiring future generations to stand firm in the face of adversity. Hawkins’s story highlights the significant contributions of African Americans in the Civil War, reminding us of their pivotal role in the fight for justice.
17. Samuel Cabble
Samuel Cabble, a soldier with a poetic soul, penned one of the most powerful letters home during the Civil War. His words conveyed hope, resolve, and a deep commitment to the fight for freedom. Cabble’s letter is a testament to the emotional and moral strength of African American soldiers. His legacy is preserved in the heartfelt words that continue to inspire generations. Cabble’s story highlights the human side of war, reminding us of the personal sacrifices made in the pursuit of justice and equality.
18. Lewis Douglass
Lewis Douglass, son of the famed abolitionist Frederick Douglass, served in the 54th Massachusetts. His writings about the bravery and hardships of Black troops provide a vivid account of the Civil War. Douglass’s words captured the challenges faced by African American soldiers, highlighting their courage and resilience. His legacy is one of advocacy and truth, shedding light on the contributions of Black soldiers. Douglass’s story is a powerful reminder of the influence of narrative in shaping history. His contributions continue to inspire and educate.
19. Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglass, though not a soldier, was a moral force and recruiter who championed African American service in the Civil War. His powerful speeches and writings inspired many to enlist, emphasizing the importance of Black participation in the fight for freedom. Douglass’s advocacy was instrumental in changing perceptions and policies. His legacy is one of leadership and vision, reminding us of the power of words and action. Douglass’s story is a testament to the impact of dedicated individuals in shaping history and society.
20. Henry Johnson
Henry Johnson’s bravery at Fort Wagner helped change public perception of Black military service. His courage and determination under fire were a testament to his character and commitment to the cause. Johnson’s actions inspired others to recognize the valor and capability of African American soldiers. His legacy continues to resonate, serving as a reminder of the sacrifices made in pursuit of freedom and equality. Johnson’s story highlights the significant contributions of African Americans in the Civil War, showcasing their critical role in the fight for justice.
21. George Washington Williams
George Washington Williams’s journey from soldier to historian and pastor was marked by a commitment to truth and justice. As the first African American to write a comprehensive history of Black troops in the Civil War, his work illuminated their contributions. Williams’s legacy is one of scholarship and advocacy, shedding light on the often-overlooked roles of African Americans in history. His story is a testament to the importance of documenting and preserving history. Williams’s contributions continue to inspire future generations of historians and advocates.
22. John A. Copeland Jr.
John A. Copeland Jr., though known for his part in John Brown’s raid, inspired many to take up arms for justice during the Civil War. His commitment to equality and freedom was evident in his actions and legacy. Copeland’s story is a powerful reminder of the diverse individuals who contributed to the fight for justice. His legacy continues to inspire those who stand against oppression and inequality. Copeland’s contributions to history highlight the importance of courage and conviction in the pursuit of a just society.